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 Lasik
Vision Surgery: How It May Help You See
Into the Future
Refractive surgeries are cosmetic,
elective procedures performed to reshape
corneal tissue and correct refractive
errors so that eyeglasses or contact
lenses are no longer needed. Current
procedures include radial keratotomy,
photorefractive keratectomy (PFK), and
Lasik vision surgery.
Among the different refractive
surgeries, Lasik vision surgery is
considered as one of the most convenient
and has shorter recovery time compared to
photorefractive keratectomy or PRK.
Statistics show that nearly 99% of
patients who used to wear eyeglasses can
do without them after undergoing Lasik
vision surgery and the visual acuity rates
more than 99% as well.
Lasik vision surgery combines delicate
surgical procedures and laser treatment. A
flap is
surgically created and lifted to one side.
A laser is then applied to the cornea to
reshape it. This type of refractive
surgery alters the major optical function
of the eye and thereby carries certain
surgical risks. The patient must fully
understand benefits, potential risks and
complications, common side effects, and
limitations of the procedure.
Lasik vision surgery does not alter the
normal aging process of the eye. If the
reason for the procedure is occupational
vision requirements, the results must
satisfy both the patient and the employer.
Precise visual outcome cannot be
guaranteed with certainty. Typically,
patients must be at least 18 years of
age.
The corneal structure must be normal
and refractive error stable. Patients are
required to discontinue using contact
lenses for a period before the procedure,
preferably 2 to 3 weeks for soft lenses
and 4 weeks for hard lenses. Patients with
conditions that are likely to adversely
affect corneal wound healing, such as
corticosteroid use, immunosuppression, are
not good candidates for the procedure. Any
superficial eye disease must be diagnosed
and fully treated before a refractive
procedure.
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Diagnostic Overview
An improvement over PRK, particularly
for correcting high or severe myopia
(nearsightedness), a refractive error in
which the focus of light rays from a
distant object is anterior to the retina,
Laser-assisted In Situ Keratomileusis,
involves flattening the anterior curvature
of the cornea by removing a
ìstromal lamellaî or layer.
The surgeon creates a corneal flap with a
microkeratome, which is an automatic
corneal shaper similar to a carpenter's
plane. The surgeon retracts a flap of
corneal tissue less than one-third of the
thickness of a human hair to access the
corneal stroma and then uses the
excalculated measurements. The corneal
flap, a naturally adhering bandage, is
rolled back and repositioned.
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LASIK also appears to be an effective,
predictable, stable, and safe procedure
for correcting residual myopia after
cataract surgery. This type of eye surgery
causes less postoperative discomfort, has
fewer side effects, and is safer than PRK.
The patient has no corneal haze and
requires less postoperative care. However,
the cornea has been invaded at a deeper
level, and any complications are more
significant than those that can occur with
PRK.
Complications
1. Ablation-related complications
Ablation complications include an
elevated area within the corneal treatment
ablation zone or central island. Signs and
symptoms of this complication include
ghosting, blurred vision, halo formation
around lights, decreased visual activity,
and contrast sensitivity in low light.
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"Lasik Vision Surgery"
information continued
....
 Most
of the island formations resolve
over time; reablation is
considered only after the island
appears stable repeated
examination for at least 3
months.
2. Diffuse Lamellar
Keratitis
As refractive surgery
increases and is performed more
often, the vision-threatening
complication known as diffuse
lamellar keratitis (DLK) is
reported more often.
DLK is a peculiar,
noninfectious, inflammatory
reaction in the lamellar
interface after Lasik vision
surgery. DLK is characterized by
a white, granular, diffuse,
culture-negative lamellar
keratitis occurring in the first
week after surgery. Studies
suggest that, because no single
agent appears to be solely the
cause of DLK, the cause is
multi-factorial.
Lasik
Enhancements
With various technological
developments, Lasik enhancements
were created. These enhancements
are surgical operations from
improved technology and software
used to treat a wider range of
myopia, hyperopia, and
astigmatism in eyes with a
history of refractive
surgery.
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Indeed,
Lasik vision surgery can be very effective
especially if the patient will learn how
to administer self-care after the
procedure.